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Analysis, however, is controversial. Other researchers say more factors need to be taken into account.

According to a study published in September 2013 and called astrobiology (Astrobiology), the Earth will leave the sun's habitable zone in 1.75 million years. As this habitable zone is not static and depends on the star's composition and chemical reactions, over time, the habitable zone becomes more and more distant. This same method can be used to gauge which planets outside the solar system have a long “habitable period”.

If the Earth leaves the habitable zone, it will become too hot to have life. On the other hand, Mars will enter the habitable zone, which means it will no longer be too cold and may have liquid water. This concept that the habitable zone is the area around a star in which a planet is capable of liquid water is based on the fact that water is the perfect solvent for the chemical reactions at the heart of Earth's life.

There are, however, critics. They claim that the formula used by the researchers is very simple and that this model assumes the position that extrasolar planets have an atmosphere, composition and action of tectonic plates similar to Earth's. Colin Goldblatt, a planetary climatologist at the University of Victoria in Canada, says that without including the dynamics, composition and volume of the atmosphere, the results are not helpful in telling whether or not a planet is habitable.